(R Tutorials for Citizen Data Scientist) Beginners tutorial with R – How to load CSV Files In R, we can read data from files stored outside the R environment. We can also write data into files which will be stored and accessed by the operating system. R can read and write into various file formats …
Month: December 2020
(R Tutorials for Citizen Data Scientist) Beginners tutorial with R – Data Reshaping Data Reshaping in R is about changing the way data is organized into rows and columns. Most of the time data processing in R is done by taking the input data as a data frame. It is easy to extract data from …
(R Tutorials for Citizen Data Scientist) Beginners tutorial with R – Data Frames A data frame is a table or a two-dimensional array-like structure in which each column contains values of one variable and each row contains one set of values from each column. Following are the characteristics of a data frame. The column names …
(R Tutorials for Citizen Data Scientist) Beginners tutorial with R – Factors Factors are the data objects which are used to categorize the data and store it as levels. They can store both strings and integers. They are useful in the columns which have a limited number of unique values. Like “Male, “Female” and True, …
(R Tutorials for Citizen Data Scientist) Beginners tutorial with R – Arrays Arrays are the R data objects which can store data in more than two dimensions. For example − If we create an array of dimension (2, 3, 4) then it creates 4 rectangular matrices each with 2 rows and 3 columns. Arrays can …
(R Tutorials for Citizen Data Scientist) Beginners tutorial with R – Matrices Matrices are the R objects in which the elements are arranged in a two-dimensional rectangular layout. They contain elements of the same atomic types. Though we can create a matrix containing only characters or only logical values, they are not of much use. …
(R Tutorials for Citizen Data Scientist) Beginners tutorial with R – Lists Lists are the R objects which contain elements of different types like − numbers, strings, vectors and another list inside it. A list can also contain a matrix or a function as its elements. List is created using list() function. Creating a List Following is …
(R Tutorials for Citizen Data Scientist) Beginners tutorial with R – Vectors Vectors are the most basic R data objects and there are six types of atomic vectors. They are logical, integer, double, complex, character and raw. Vector Creation Single Element Vector Even when you write just one value in R, it becomes a vector …
(R Tutorials for Citizen Data Scientist) Beginners tutorial with R – Strings Any value written within a pair of single quote or double quotes in R is treated as a string. Internally R stores every string within double quotes, even when you create them with single quote. Rules Applied in String Construction The quotes at …
(R Tutorials for Citizen Data Scientist) Beginners tutorial with R – Functions A function is a set of statements organized together to perform a specific task. R has a large number of in-built functions and the user can create their own functions. In R, a function is an object so the R interpreter is able …