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Generics is a concept in TypeScript that allows you to write code that is reusable and flexible. It allows you to create functions, classes, and interfaces that can work with multiple data types, rather than being limited to a single type.
For example, imagine you have a function that takes an array of numbers as an input and returns the average of all the numbers in the array. With generics, you can write this function once and then reuse it with arrays of any data type, not just numbers.
Generics are defined using angle brackets and a type parameter, which acts as a placeholder for the actual data type that will be used when the function or class is called. For example, you could write a generic function like this:
function average<T>(array: T[]): T { // code to calculate the average }This function uses a type parameter T to represent any data type that will be used when the function is called. When you call the function, you specify the actual data type by providing it in angle brackets:
let numbers = [1, 2, 3, 4, 5];
let averageOfNumbers = average<number>(numbers);One of the benefits of using generics is that it makes your code more flexible and reusable. You can write a generic function or class once and then use it with different data types, rather than having to write a separate function or class for each data type.
Another benefit of generics is that they help catch potential errors in your code. For example, if you try to pass an array of strings to a function that is expecting an array of numbers, TypeScript will throw an error. This helps to ensure that your code is written correctly and reduces the likelihood of bugs.
Generics can also be used in combination with other TypeScript features, such as interfaces and classes, to create even more powerful and flexible code.
In conclusion, generics is a key concept in TypeScript that can help you write more reusable, flexible, and error-free code. Understanding how to work with generics is an important part of learning TypeScript and will help you write better code and create more sophisticated programs.
TypeScript for Coders – Chapter 10 : Generics
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