GGPLOT DATE AXIS CUSTOMIZATION
This article describes how to format ggplot date axis using the R functions scale_x_date() and scale_y_date().
In this R graphics tutorial, you’ll learn how to:
- Change date axis labels using different combinations of days, weeks, months, year
- Modify date axis limits.
Contents:
- Key ggplot2 R functions
- Time series data
- Create a simple ggplot with date axis
- Format date axis labels: scale_x_date
- Set date axis limits
- Conclusion
Key ggplot2 R functions
scale_x_date(date_labels, limits)
andscale_y_date(date_labels, limits)
: Format date axesscale_x_datetime(date-labels, limits)
and `scale_y_datetime(date_labels, limits): Format a datetime axis
Time series data
Create some time series data sets:
set.seed(1234)
last_month <- Sys.Date() - 0:29
df <- data.frame(
date = last_month,
price = runif(30)
)
head(df)
## date price
## 1 2018-11-13 0.114
## 2 2018-11-12 0.622
## 3 2018-11-11 0.609
## 4 2018-11-10 0.623
## 5 2018-11-09 0.861
## 6 2018-11-08 0.640
Create a simple ggplot with date axis
library(ggplot2)
p <- ggplot(data=df, aes(x = date, y = price)) +
geom_line()
p
Format date axis labels: scale_x_date
To format date axis labels, you can use different combinations of days, weeks, months and years:
- Weekday name: use
%a
and%A
for abbreviated and full weekday name, respectively - Month name: use
%b
and%B
for abbreviated and full month name, respectively %d
: day of the month as decimal number%U
: week of the year as decimal number (00–53)%Y
: Year with century.- See more options in the documentation of the function
?strptime
# Format : month/day
p + scale_x_date(date_labels = "%b/%d")
# Format : Week
p + scale_x_date(date_labels = "%U")
# Months only
p + scale_x_date(date_labels = "%B")+
theme(axis.text.x = element_text(angle=45, hjust = 1))
Set date axis limits
Use the economics
time series data sets [in ggplot2]:
data("economics")
# Base plot with date axis
p <- ggplot(data = economics, aes(x = date, y = psavert)) +
geom_line(color = "steelblue")
p
# Set axis limits c(min, max)
min <- as.Date("2002-1-1")
max <- NA
p + scale_x_date(limits = c(min, max))
Conclusion
To change the format of data axis labels, first read the help page of the R base function strptime()
to see the available date format.
Then, use the following example of R code:
p + scale_x_date(date_labels = "%b/%d")
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