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Sets are an important concept in Swift programming. They are collections of unique values that can be used to store, organize, and manipulate data.
In simple terms, a set is like a collection of toys that are all different from each other. Just like how you wouldn’t put two of the same toy in your toy collection, sets don’t allow for duplicate values.
So why use sets in programming? Well, sets are useful when you want to keep track of unique values in your code, such as keeping track of unique items in a shopping cart or unique visitors to a website.
One of the great things about sets in Swift is that they can store any type of value, as long as it conforms to the Hashable protocol. This means that you can use sets to store integers, strings, objects, and more.
You can create a set in Swift using the Set type, followed by a set of values within square brackets. For example, the following code creates a set of integers:
var uniqueNumbers: Set = [1, 2, 3, 4, 5]
You can also add and remove values from a set using the insert and remove methods. For example, the following code adds a new value to the set:
uniqueNumbers.insert(6)
And the following code removes a value from the set:
uniqueNumbers.remove(3)
In addition to adding and removing values, you can also perform operations on sets such as union, intersection, and difference. These operations allow you to combine sets, find the common values between sets, and find the unique values in each set.
For example, the following code creates two sets and performs a union operation on them:
let set1: Set = [1, 2, 3, 4]
let set2: Set = [3, 4, 5, 6]
let unionSet = set1.union(set2)
In this example, the unionSet will contain the values [1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6].
Sets are a powerful and versatile tool for managing data in Swift programming. They are simple to use and can be a great way to keep track of unique values in your code. Whether you’re a beginner or an experienced programmer, sets are a concept that you should definitely know about.
Cookbook – SWIFT for Beginners – Chapter 10 : Sets
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